Class 8, Science, Chapter-2, Lecture-4, Diseases (Notes)
Common Human Disease Caused by Microbes, Modes of transmission and Prevention
Diseases | Causative Microorganism | Transmission | General Preventive measure |
|---|---|---|---|
Cholera | Bacteria | Water or Food | Do not allow dirt, water or dust to accumulate in your surroundings |
Tuberculosis | Bacteria | Air | Immunization with BCG vaccine |
Typhoid | Bacteria | Water, Air | Human waste and other excreta should be properly disposed off |
Common Cold | Virus | Air | Keep away from patients |
Chicken Pox and Small Pox | Virus | Air, Contact | Wash clothes regularly and keep clean. Do not touch food if you are ill. |
Measles | Virus | Air | Do not use patient’s clothes and belongings. Wash them separately. |
Polio | Virus | Air or water | Avoid physical contact with the infected person. |
Hepatitis B | Virus | Water | Drink boiled water. Vaccination |
Rabies | Virus | Bite of an infected dog | Wash bite with soap & water. Apply antiseptic. Get full course of anti-rabies vaccination. |
Diarrhoea Gastroenteritis | Bacteria, Fungi Toxins, Intestinal parasites | Food, Water | Keep food covered, wash your hands before eating meals, & after toilet. Drink clean water. |
Microorganisms | Diseases Caused |
|---|---|
Bacteria | Pneumonia, Tetanus, Tuberculosis, Leprosy, Cholera, Food Poisoning, Typhoid and Diphtheria |
Virus | Poliomyeletis, Chicken Pox, Leukaemia, AIDS, Measles, Conjunctivitis, Rabies, Dengue, Hepatitis |
Fungi | Skin diseases, Food poisoning |
Protozoa | Malaria, Kala-Azar, Amoebic dysentery and Giardiasis |