Class 9, Science, Chapter-12, Lecture-8, Poultry Farming (Notes)
POULTRY FARMING:
The rearing of domesticated chicken, ducks, geese and pigeon for their meat and eggs is termed as poultry farming.
Broilers:
The poultry birds which are specially raised for meat production are called broilers.
Layers:
The poultry birds which are specially raised for egg production are called layers.
Poultry Breeds:
- Indigenous
- Aseel- (Peela, Yakub, Nuries, Kajal)
- Kadaknath
- Chattisgarh
- Busra
- Exotic
- White Leghorn
- Rhode Island Red
- Plymouth
- Black Minorca
Desirable Traits in Improved Variety of Poultry:
- Improved quality and quantity of chicks.
- Dwarf broiler parent for commercial chick productions.
- Tolerance to high temperature.
- Low maintenance requirements.
- Reduced size of layers without decrease in the size of eggs.
- Ability to utilise cheap fibrous agricultural by-products as diet.
Poultry Feed:
Poultry feed consists of mashed cereals, bran of rice, ground oil cakes, fish-meal, meat-meal and bone-meal which is rich in vitamin A and vitamin K.
Characteristics of Good Poultry Shelter:
- Spacious
- Clean, dry and well-ventilated.
- Proper disposal of wastes.
- Provision of fresh, clean water for drinking, bathing and washing.
- Protection from rain, heat, cold and predators.
- Separate houses for brooders, growers and layers.
- Solid floor covered with dry absorptive material such as saw dust.
Poultry Diseases:
- Bird Flu (Viral)
- Ranikhet (Viral)
- Cholera (Bacterial)
- Tuberculosis (Bacterial)
- Aspergillosis (Fungal)
Prevention from Poultry Diseases:
- Use of insecticide solution in poultry shelters.
- Regular spray of disinfectants to keep away from external parasites and mosquitoes.
- Vaccination to immunize against common diseases.