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Class 9, Science, Chapter-6, Lecture-4, Animal Tissues (Notes)

Differences between:

Squamous Epithelium

Columnar Epithelium

The cells are thin and flat.

The cells are pillar-like.

The nuclues lies in the centre which is generally bulged out.

The nucleus lies near the base.

It occurs in lung alveoli, blood capillaries, Bowman’s capsule, buccal cavity, skin, etc.

It occurs in lining layer of stomach and intestine, their glands and covering of epiglottis.

It functions as selectively permeable barrier, in ultra filtration and bear wear and tear.

It takes part in absorption, secretion and protective covering.

Difference Between:

Tendon

Ligament

It is tough and inelastic.

It is strong but elastic.

Bundles of white collagen fibres are parallel.

Bundles of white collagen fibres are arranged in various directions.

Yellow elastic fibres are absent.

Yellow elastic fibres are present in large number.

It connects a muscle to a bone.

It joins a bone with another bone.

Differences Between:

Bone

Cartilage

It is hard and inflexible.

Cartilage is comparatively soft and flexible.

Matrix is made up of protein complex ossein.

Matrix is formed of protein complex chondrin.

Blood supply passes into the interior of bone.

Blood supply is restricted to the outside.

A marrow cavity is often present in the interior.

A marrow cavity is always absent.

Matrix shows concentric lamellae.

Matrix is homogeneous.

Bone cells occur singly.

Cartilage cells occur singly, in twos or fours.

Matrix possesses abundant quantity of mineral salts, especially phosphates and carbonates of calcium and magnesium.

Deposition of minerals is rare.

Differences Between:

Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)

White Blood Cells (Leucocytes)

They are red in colour.

They are colourless.

It is about 7.2 m.

It varies between 10-20 m.

Their number is 4-6 million/mm3.

The number is 5000-8000 /mm3.

They are biconcave rounded.

The shape is rounded to amoeboid.

Nucleus is absent.

Nucleus is present.

Most of the cell organelles are absent.

Cell organelles are present.

The cells contain haemoglobin.

Haemoglobin is absent.

Life span is 120 days.

Life span is generally shorter (a few hours to four days).

They transport oxygen and to some extent carbon dioxide.

They function in defence and immunity.

Differences between:

Blood

Lymph

It is opaque, viscous and reddish fluid.

It is transparent, thinner and light yellow fluid.

It is about 50%

It is about 94%.

Blood contains erythrocytes.

Erythrocytes or RBCs are absent.

They are present.

Platelets are absent.

The number is 5000-8000/mm3.

The number is about 500/mm3.

It has nearly uniform composition.

Composition varies with the tissue.

It transports various materials, nutrients, gases and wastes in the body.

It functions as middle man between tissues and blood.